《Python编程：从入门到实践》第十二章：武装飞船

发布时间：2018-12-01
作者：码农之家原创
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Python编程：从入门到实践

这篇文章主要知识点是关于Python编程,从入门到实践,武装飞船，Python编程：从入门到实践，python编程写代码时几个坏习惯总结《Python编程：从入门到实践》第八章：函数《Python编程：从入门到实践》第九章：类自学python编程的方法路线 18天学习《python编程：从入门到实践》心得笔记的内容，如果大家想对相关知识点有系统深入的学习，可以参阅以下电子书

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12-1 蓝色天空

创建一个背景为蓝色的Pygame窗口。

import sys
import pygame
def run():
	pygame.init()
	screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1200,600))
	pygame.display.set_caption("Blue Sky")

	bg_color = (0,124,195)

	while  True:
		screen.fill(bg_color)
		for event in pygame.event.get():
			if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
				sys.exit()
		pygame.display.flip()
run()

结果：

12-2 游戏角色

找一幅你喜欢的游戏角色位图图像或将一幅图像转换为位图。创建一个类，将该角色绘制到屏幕中央，并将该图像的背景色设置为屏幕背景色，或将屏幕背景色设置为该图像的背景色

ship.py

import pygame

class Ship():
	"""docstring for Ship"""
	def __init__(self, screen):
		"""初始化飞船并设置其初始位置"""
		self.screen = screen
		# 加载飞船图像并获取其外接矩形
		self.image = pygame.image.load('images/ship.bmp')
		self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
		self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()

		# 将每搜新飞船放在屏幕底部中央
		self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx
		self.rect.centery = self.screen_rect.centery

	def biltme(self):
		self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)

run.py

import sys
import pygame
from ship import Ship
def run():
	pygame.init()
	screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1200,600))
	pygame.display.set_caption("Blue Sky")

	bg_color = (0,124,195)
	s = Ship(screen)
	while  True:
		screen.fill(bg_color)
		s.biltme()
		for event in pygame.event.get():
			if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
				sys.exit()
		pygame.display.flip()
run()

结果：

12-3 火箭

编写一个游戏，开始时屏幕中央有一个火箭，而玩家可使用四个方向键上下左右移动火箭。请务必确保火箭不会移到屏幕外面。

setting.py

class Setting():

	def __init__(self):
		"""初始化游戏的设置"""
		#屏幕设置
		self.screen_width = 1200
		self.screen_height = 600
		self.bg_color = (255,255,255)
		self.ship_speed_factor = 1.5

rocket.py

import pygame
class Rocket():
	"""docstring for Rocket"""
	def __init__(self,ai_setting, screen):
		self.screen = screen
		self.image = pygame.image.load('images/ship.jpg')
		self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
		self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
		self.ai_setting = ai_setting
		self.rect.centerx = self.screen_rect.centerx
		self.rect.centery = self.screen_rect.centery
		self.center = float(self.rect.centerx)
		self.centery = float(self.rect.centery)
		self.moving_right = False
		self.moving_left = False
		self.moving_up = False
		self.moving_down = False
	def update(self):
		if self.moving_right and self.rect.right < self.screen_rect.right:
			self.center +=self.ai_setting.ship_speed_factor
		if self.moving_left and self.rect.left > 0:
			self.center -=self.ai_setting.ship_speed_factor
		if self.moving_up and self.rect.top > 0:
			self.centery -= self.ai_setting.ship_speed_factor
		if self.moving_down and self.rect.bottom < self.screen_rect.bottom:
			self.centery +=self.ai_setting.ship_speed_factor
		self.rect.centerx = self.center
		self.rect.centery = self.centery
	def blitme(self):
		self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)

game_functions.py

import sys

import pygame
def check_keydown_events(event,rocket):
	if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
		rocket.moving_right = True
	elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
		rocket.moving_left = True
	elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
		rocket.moving_up = True
	elif event.key ==pygame.K_DOWN:
		rocket.moving_down = True
def check_keyup_events(event,rocket):
	if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
		rocket.moving_right = False
	elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
		rocket.moving_left = False
	elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
		rocket.moving_up = False
	elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
		rocket.moving_down = False
def check_events(rocket):
	"""响应按键和鼠标事件"""
	for event in pygame.event.get():
		if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
			print("Quit")
			sys.exit()
		elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
			check_keydown_events(event,rocket)
		elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
			check_keyup_events(event,rocket)
def update_screen(ai_settings,screen,rocket):
	screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color)
	rocket.blitme()
	pygame.display.flip()

run.py

import sys
import pygame
from rocket import Rocket
from setting import Setting
import game_functions as gf
def run():
	pygame.init()
	ai_setting = Setting()
	screen =pygame.display.set_mode((ai_setting.screen_width,ai_setting.screen_height))
	pygame.display.set_caption("Rocket")
	r = Rocket(ai_setting,screen)
	while True:
		gf.check_events(r)
		r.update()
		gf.update_screen(ai_setting,screen,r)
run()

结果：

12-4 按键

创建一个程序，显示一个空屏幕。在事件循环中，每当检测到pygame.KEYDOWN 事件时都打印属性event.key 。运行这个程序，并按各种键，看看 Pygame如何响应。

import sys
import pygame
def test():
	pygame.init()
	screen = pygame.display.set_mode((900,600))
	pygame.display.set_caption("12-4")
	bg_color = (255,255,255)
	while True:
		for event in pygame.event.get():
			if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
				sys.exit()
			elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
				if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
					bg_color=(255,0,255)
				elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
					bg_color=(0,255,255)
				elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
					bg_color=(255,255,0)
				elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
					bg_color = (0,0,255)
		screen.fill(bg_color)
		pygame.display.flip()
test()

结果：

K_UP:

K_DOWN:

K_LEFT:

K_RIGHT:

12-5 侧面射击

编写一个游戏，将一艘飞船放在屏幕左边，并允许玩家上下移动飞船。在玩家按空格键时，让飞船发射一颗在屏幕中向右穿行的子弹，并在子弹离开屏幕而消失后将其删除。

game_functions.py

import sys

import pygame
from bullet import Bullets
def check_keydown_events(event,ai_setting,screen,rocket,bullets):
	if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
		rocket.moving_up = True
	elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
		rocket.moving_down = True
	elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
		new_bullet = Bullets(ai_setting,screen,rocket)
		bullets.add(new_bullet)
def check_keyup_events(event,rocket):
	if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
		rocket.moving_up = False
	elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
		rocket.moving_down = False
def check_events(ai_settings,screen,rocket,bullets):
	"""响应按键和鼠标事件"""
	for event in pygame.event.get():
		if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
			print("Quit")
			sys.exit()
		elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
			check_keydown_events(event,ai_settings,screen,rocket,bullets)
		elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
			check_keyup_events(event,rocket)
def update_bullet(bullets):
	for bullet in bullets:
		if bullet.rect_left<=0:
			bullets.remove(bullet)
def update_screen(ai_settings,screen,rocket,bullets):
	screen.fill(ai_settings.bg_color)
	for bullet in bullets.sprites():
		bullet.draw_bullet()
	rocket.blitme()
	pygame.display.flip()

bullet.py

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite
class Bullets(Sprite):
	"""docstring for Bullets"""
	def __init__(self, ai_settings,screen,rocket):
		super( Bullets, self).__init__()
		self.screen = screen

		self.rect = pygame.Rect(0,0,ai_settings.bullet_width,ai_settings.bullet_height)
		self.rect.centery = rocket.rect.centery
		self.rect.right = rocket.rect.right

		#存储小数表示的子弹位置
		self.x = float(self.rect.x)
		self.color = ai_settings.bullet_color
		self.speed_factor = ai_settings.bullet_speed_factor
	def update(self):
		self.x +=self.speed_factor
		self.rect.x = self.x
	def draw_bullet(self):
		pygame.draw.rect(self.screen,self.color,self.rect)

setting.py

class Setting():

	def __init__(self):
		"""初始化游戏的设置"""
		#屏幕设置
		self.screen_width = 1200
		self.screen_height = 600
		self.bg_color = (255,255,255)
		self.ship_speed_factor = 1.5

		self.bullet_speed_factor = 1
		self.bullet_width = 15
		self.bullet_height = 3
		self.bullet_color =(60,60,60)

rocket.py

import pygame
class Rocket():
	"""docstring for Rocket"""
	def __init__(self,ai_setting, screen):
		self.screen = screen
		self.image = pygame.image.load('images/rocket.jpg')
		self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
		self.screen_rect = screen.get_rect()
		self.ai_setting = ai_setting
		self.rect.x = 0
		self.rect.centery = self.screen_rect.centery
		self.center = float(self.rect.centerx)
		self.centery = float(self.rect.centery)
		self.moving_up = False
		self.moving_down = False
	def update(self):
		if self.moving_up and self.rect.top > 0:
			self.centery -= self.ai_setting.ship_speed_factor
		if self.moving_down and self.rect.bottom < self.screen_rect.bottom:
			self.centery +=self.ai_setting.ship_speed_factor
		self.rect.centery = self.centery
	def blitme(self):
		self.screen.blit(self.image,self.rect)

run.py

import sys
import pygame
from rocket import Rocket
from setting import Setting
from pygame.sprite import Group
import game_functions as gf
def run():
	pygame.init()
	ai_setting = Setting()
	screen =pygame.display.set_mode((ai_setting.screen_width,ai_setting.screen_height))
	pygame.display.set_caption("Rocket")
	r = Rocket(ai_setting,screen)
	bullets = Group()
	while True:
		gf.check_events(ai_setting,screen,r,bullets)
		r.update()
		bullets.update()
		gf.update_screen(ai_setting,screen,r,bullets)
run()

结果：

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《Python编程：从入门到实践》第十二章：武装飞船