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java实现udp通讯的代码
需求:应用A(通常有多个)和应用B(1个)进行 socket通讯,应用A必须知道应用B的ip地址(在应用A的配置文件中写死的),这个时候就必须把应用B的ip设成固定ip(但是某些时候如更换路由后要重新设置网络,但是操作人员不知道这个规则),就有可能造成应用A和应用B无法进行正常通讯,所以要改成应用A动态获取应用B的ip地址。
经过讨论决定采用udp协议实现,upd是一种无连接的传输层协议。应用A在不知道应用B的 ip情况下 可以使用广播地址255.255.255.255,将消息发送到在同一广播网络上的B。从而获取B的ip。
实现代码:
B应用为服务端:将udp监听放到一个线程中,当有客户端请求时就会进行响应
/** * udp连接,用于动态ip, pos向255.255.255.255:5060发送请求即可 * **/ public class UdpServer extends Thread implements Runnable { private final int MAX_LENGTH = 1024; private final int PORT = 5060; private DatagramSocket datagramSocket; public void run() { try { init(); while(true){ try { byte[] buffer = new byte[MAX_LENGTH]; DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, buffer.length); receive(packet); String receStr = new String(packet.getData(), 0 , packet.getLength()); System.out.println("接收数据包" + receStr); byte[] bt = new byte[packet.getLength()]; System.arraycopy(packet.getData(), 0, bt, 0, packet.getLength()); System.out.println(packet.getAddress().getHostAddress() + ":" + packet.getPort() + ":" + Arrays.toString(bt)); packet.setData(bt); response(packet); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); LoggerUtil.error("udp线程出现异常:" + e.toString()); } } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } public void receive(DatagramPacket packet) throws Exception { datagramSocket.receive(packet); } public void response(DatagramPacket packet) throws Exception { datagramSocket.send(packet); } /** * 初始化连接 */ public void init(){ try { datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket(PORT); System.out.println("udp服务端已经启动!"); } catch (Exception e) { datagramSocket = null; System.out.println("udp服务端启动失败!"); e.printStackTrace(); } } }
客户端:本来客户端是使用pb来实现的,但是这里使用java来模拟
/*** * UDP Client端 ***/ public class UdpClient { private String sendStr = "hello"; private String netAddress = "255.255.255.255"; private final int PORT = 5060; private DatagramSocket datagramSocket; private DatagramPacket datagramPacket; public UdpClient(){ try { datagramSocket = new DatagramSocket(); byte[] buf = sendStr.getBytes(); InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(netAddress); datagramPacket = new DatagramPacket(buf, buf.length, address, PORT); datagramSocket.send(datagramPacket); byte[] receBuf = new byte[1024]; DatagramPacket recePacket = new DatagramPacket(receBuf, receBuf.length); datagramSocket.receive(recePacket); String receStr = new String(recePacket.getData(), 0 , recePacket.getLength()); //获取服务端ip String serverIp = recePacket.getAdress(); } catch (SocketException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (UnknownHostException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { // 关闭socket if(datagramSocket != null){ datagramSocket.close(); } } } public static void main(String[] args) { for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) { new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { UdpClient udpClient = new UdpClient(); } }).start(); } } }