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Spring AOP
前言
spring一直以来都是我们Java开发中最核心的一个技术,其中又以ioc和aop为主要技术,本篇文章主要讲一下aop的核心技术,也就是ProxyFactory技术的使用,而基本的jdk动态代理和cglib代理技术并不涉及,如有需要,请自行寻找资料
背景
package com.zxc.boot.proxy; public class OrderService { public void create() { System.out.println("创建订单"); } public void payOrder() { System.out.println("支付订单"); } }
假设你有如上的对象,需要对两个方法前面都插入生成订单号的逻辑,如果是传统的方式就可以直接加入,但是过于麻烦,如果使用spring的话,就可以借助如下的工具类,如
ProxyFactory
package com.zxc.boot.proxy; import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice; import org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactory; import java.lang.reflect.Method; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { //被代理对象 OrderService orderService = new OrderService(); ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory(); //设置代理对象 proxyFactory.setTarget(orderService); //添加代理逻辑 proxyFactory.addAdvice(new MethodBeforeAdvice() { @Override public void before(Method method, Object[] objects, Object o) throws Throwable { System.out.println("-----生成订单号------"); } }); //获取代理对象 OrderService orderServiceProxy = (OrderService) proxyFactory.getProxy(); orderServiceProxy.create(); orderServiceProxy.payOrder(); } }
生成的结果如下(注:这里没有接口,肯定是使用cglib生成的代理对象)
是不是很简单呢,底层逻辑都是spring帮我们实现的,而MethodBeforeAdvice就是进行的代理逻辑,它的父接口是
Advice
这个简单理解就是对象被代理的逻辑,主要有以下的实现,如
MethodBeforeAdvice、AfterReturningAdvice、MethodInterceptor等等见名思义
但是这里有一个问题,我们两个方法都被进行了代理,那么是否有办法实现只代理某个方法,而某些方法不进行代理呢,答案是有的,代码如下
package com.zxc.boot.proxy; import org.aopalliance.aop.Advice; import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice; import org.springframework.aop.Pointcut; import org.springframework.aop.PointcutAdvisor; import org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactory; import org.springframework.aop.support.StaticMethodMatcherPointcut; import java.lang.reflect.Method; public class Main2 { public static void main(String[] args) { //被代理对象 OrderService orderService = new OrderService(); ProxyFactory proxyFactory = new ProxyFactory(); //设置代理对象 proxyFactory.setTarget(orderService); //添加代理逻辑 proxyFactory.addAdvisor(new PointcutAdvisor() { @Override public Pointcut getPointcut() { //哪些方法进行代理 return new StaticMethodMatcherPointcut() { @Override public boolean matches(Method method, Class<?> aClass) { //方法名为create进行代理 return method.getName().equals("create"); } }; } //代理逻辑 @Override public Advice getAdvice() { return new MethodBeforeAdvice() { @Override public void before(Method method, Object[] objects, Object o) throws Throwable { System.out.println("-----创建订单-----"); } }; } @Override public boolean isPerInstance() { return false; } }); //获取代理对象 OrderService orderServiceProxy = (OrderService) proxyFactory.getProxy(); orderServiceProxy.create(); orderServiceProxy.payOrder(); } }
可以看到,只有创建订单的方法才会添加代理逻辑,而支付订单并不会加入这段逻辑,而核心的功能点就是依赖于Pointcut对象
Pointcut
Pointcut简单理解就是切掉,也就是用于判断要在哪些方法或者哪些类注入代理逻辑用的
Advisor
而Advisor简单理解就是Advice和Pointcut的组合,spring当中进行代理的逻辑也是用Advisor为维度进行处理的
以上,就是使用ProxyFactory进行代理逻辑的spring工具类,但是很明显这样使用相对来说还是比较麻烦的,所以spring提供了简易的方式让我们使用这种逻辑,如下
Spring提供的代理支持
ProxyFactoryBean
package com.zxc.boot.proxy; import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice; import org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import java.lang.reflect.Method; @Configuration @ComponentScan("com.zxc.boot.proxy") public class AppConfig { @Bean public ProxyFactoryBean proxyFactoryBean() { ProxyFactoryBean proxyFactoryBean = new ProxyFactoryBean(); proxyFactoryBean.setTarget(new OrderService()); proxyFactoryBean.addAdvice(new MethodBeforeAdvice() { @Override public void before(Method method, Object[] objects, Object o) throws Throwable { System.out.println("-------创建订单-------"); } }); return proxyFactoryBean; } }
package com.zxc.boot.proxy; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext; public class SpringApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class); OrderService orderService = applicationContext.getBean(OrderService.class); orderService.create(); orderService.payOrder(); } }
只要进行如上的配置,就可以识别到了,这种方式其实跟原有的差不多,只不过spring帮我们处理了最终会返回对应的代理bean回去,但是还有更简单的方式,如下
DefaultPointcutAdvisor
package com.zxc.boot.proxy; import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice; import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator; import org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor; import org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcut; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import java.lang.reflect.Method; @Configuration @ComponentScan("com.zxc.boot.proxy") public class AppConfig2 { @Bean public OrderService orderService() { return new OrderService(); } @Bean public DefaultPointcutAdvisor defaultPointcutAdvisor() { //方法名称蓝机器 NameMatchMethodPointcut nameMatchMethodPointcut = new NameMatchMethodPointcut(); nameMatchMethodPointcut.addMethodName("create"); //设置拦截和代理逻辑 DefaultPointcutAdvisor defaultPointcutAdvisor = new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(); defaultPointcutAdvisor.setPointcut(nameMatchMethodPointcut); defaultPointcutAdvisor.setAdvice(new MethodBeforeAdvice() { @Override public void before(Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable { System.out.println("-------创建订单------"); } }); return defaultPointcutAdvisor; } //核心类,一个BeanPostProccess后置处理器,用于把扫描到的Advisor进行代理 @Bean public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator() { return new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator(); } }
package com.zxc.boot.proxy; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext; public class SpringApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig2.class); OrderService orderService = applicationContext.getBean(OrderService.class); orderService.create(); orderService.payOrder(); } }
不用我们多做其他处理,就可以对ioc容器中方法有create的类进行代理,你可以再添加一个类,如下
package com.zxc.boot.proxy; public class UserService { public void create() { System.out.println("用户service哦哦哦"); } }
package com.zxc.boot.proxy; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext; public class SpringApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig2.class); OrderService orderService = applicationContext.getBean(OrderService.class); orderService.create(); orderService.payOrder(); UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean(UserService.class); userService.create(); } }
这样的方式就方便多了
优化处理
其实DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator只是需要导入到ioc容器中,所以配置类可以使用import进行处理,效果是一样的,如下
package com.zxc.boot.proxy; import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice; import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator; import org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor; import org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcut; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import; import java.lang.reflect.Method; @Configuration @ComponentScan("com.zxc.boot.proxy") @Import(DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class) public class AppConfig2 { @Bean public UserService userService() { return new UserService(); } @Bean public OrderService orderService() { return new OrderSepackage com.zxc.boot.proxy; import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice; import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator; import org.springframework.aop.support.DefaultPointcutAdvisor; import org.springframework.aop.support.NameMatchMethodPointcut; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Import; import java.lang.reflect.Method; @Configuration @ComponentScan("com.zxc.boot.proxy") @Import(DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.class) public class AppConfig2 { @Bean public UserService userService() { return new UserService(); } @Bean public OrderService orderService() { return new OrderService(); } @Bean public DefaultPointcutAdvisor defaultPointcutAdvisor() { //方法名称蓝机器 NameMatchMethodPointcut nameMatchMethodPointcut = new NameMatchMethodPointcut(); nameMatchMethodPointcut.addMethodName("create"); //设置拦截和代理逻辑 DefaultPointcutAdvisor defaultPointcutAdvisor = new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(); defaultPointcutAdvisor.setPointcut(nameMatchMethodPointcut); defaultPointcutAdvisor.setAdvice(new MethodBeforeAdvice() { @Override public void before(Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable { System.out.println("-------创建订单------"); } }); return defaultPointcutAdvisor; } // //核心类,一个BeanPostProccess后置处理器,用于把扫描到的Advisor进行代理 // @Bean // public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator() { // return new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator(); // } }rvice(); } @Bean public DefaultPointcutAdvisor defaultPointcutAdvisor() { //方法名称蓝机器 NameMatchMethodPointcut nameMatchMethodPointcut = new NameMatchMethodPointcut(); nameMatchMethodPointcut.addMethodName("create"); //设置拦截和代理逻辑 DefaultPointcutAdvisor defaultPointcutAdvisor = new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(); defaultPointcutAdvisor.setPointcut(nameMatchMethodPointcut); defaultPointcutAdvisor.setAdvice(new MethodBeforeAdvice() { @Override public void before(Method method, Object[] args, Object target) throws Throwable { System.out.println("-------创建订单------"); } }); return defaultPointcutAdvisor; } // //核心类,一个BeanPostProccess后置处理器,用于把扫描到的Advisor进行代理 // @Bean // public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator() { // return new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator(); // } }
如果你不导入DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator对象,那么代理逻辑就不会生效,本质就是DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator类就是一个BeanPostProcessor处理器,它会针对所有类进行判断然后处理
总结
spring的aop核心技术就是最终会利用到这个对象进行代理,而这里先把底层的代理逻辑进行讲明,后面对整个aop流程进行理解就方便多了
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