如何理解Java 8 新增函数式接口

/**
 * Java8内置的四大核心函数式接口：
 * Consumer<T>:消费型接口</T>
 * Supplier<T>供给型接口</T>
 * Function<T,R>函数型接口</T,R>
 * Predicate<T>段言型接口</T>
 * boolean test（T t）
 */

public class TestLamda3 {

  //Consumer<T>
  @Test
  public void test1(){
    happy(10000,(m)-> System.out.println("这次消费了"+m+"元"));
  }

  public void happy(double money, Consumer<Double> con){
    con.accept(money);
  }

  //Supplier<T>
  @Test
  public void test2(){
   List<Integer> list=  getNumList(5,()->{
      return (int)Math.random()*100;
    });
   list.forEach(System.out::println);
  }

  public List<Integer> getNumList(int num, Supplier<Integer> supplier){
     List<Integer> list=new ArrayList<>();
     for (int i=0; i<num;i++){
       Integer n=supplier.get();
       list.add(n);
     }
     return list;
  }

  //函数式接口
  @Test
  public void test4(){
     String newStr=strHandle("\t\t\t woshi nide ",(str)->str.trim());
     System.out.println(newStr);
  }

  public String strHandle(String str,Function<String,String> fun){
   return fun.apply(str);
  }

  //段言型接口;将满足条件的字符串放入集合中
  @Test
  public void test5(){
    List<String> list1= Arrays.asList("nihao","hiehei","woai","ni");
    List<String> list=filterStr(list1,(s)->s.length()>3);
    for (String s : list) {
      System.out.println(s);
    }
  }
  public List<String> filterStr(List<String> list, Predicate<String> pre){
    List<String> strings=new ArrayList<>();
    for (String string : list) {
      if(pre.test(string)){
        strings.add(string);
      }
    }
    return strings;
  }
}